資料來源:
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A guide to sample size for animal-based studies / Penny S. Reynolds.
- 作者： Reynolds, Penny S.
- 出版： Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell 2024.
- 主題： Animal experimentation--Methods. , Research--Methodology. , Animal Experimentation. , Sample Size.
- ISBN： 978-1-119-79997-9 (pbk.) :: USD71.95
- 書目註：Includes bibliographical references and index.
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讀者標籤：
- 系統號： 005292406 | 機讀編目格式
館藏資訊
A Guide to Sample Size for Animal-based Studies Understand a foundational area of experimental design with this innovative reference Animal-based research is an essential part of basic and preclinical research, but poses a unique set of experimental design challenges. The most important of these are the 3Rs − Replacement, Reduction and Refinement − the principles comprising the ethical framework for humane animal-based studies. However, many researchers have difficulty navigating the design trade-offs necessary to simultaneously minimize animal use, and produce scientific information that is both rigorous and reliable. A Guide to Sample Size for Animal-based Studies meets this need with a thorough, accessible reference work to the subject. This book provides a straightforward systematic approach to “rightsizing” animal-based experiments, with sample size estimates based on the fundamentals of statistical thinking: structured research questions, variation control and appropriate design of experiments. The result is a much-needed guide to planning animal-based experiments to ensure scientifically valid and reliable results. This book offers: Step-by-step guidance in diverse methods for approximating and refining sample size Detailed treatment of research topics specific to animal-based research, including pilot, feasibility and proof-of-concept studies Sample size approximation methods for different types of data − binary, continuous, ordinal, time to event − and different study types − description, comparison, nested designs, reference interval construction and dose-response studies Numerous worked examples, using real data from published papers, together with SAS and R code A Guide to Sample Size for Animal-based Studies is a must-have reference for preclinical and veterinary researchers, as well as ethical oversight committees and policymakers.
摘要註
"How large a sample size do I need for my study"? Although one of the most commonly-asked questions in statistics, the importance of proper sample size estimation seems to be overlooked by many preclinical researchers. Over the past two decades, numerous reviews of the published literature indicate many studies are too small to answer the research question and results are too unreliable to be trusted. Few published studies present adequate justification of their chosen sample sizes, or even report the total number of animals used. On the other hand, it is not unusual for protocols (usually those involving mouse models) to request preposterous numbers of animals, sometimes in the tens or even hundreds of thousands, "because this is an exploratory study, so it is unknown how many animals we will require"--
內容註
Introduction : The sample size problem in animal-based research -- Sample size basics -- Ten strategies to increase information (and reduce animal numbers) -- Introduction to pilot studies -- Operational pilots -- Empirical and translational pilots -- Feasibility calculations : Arithmetic estimation -- Feasibility calculations : Probability-based estimation -- Introduction to descriptive studies -- Confidence intervals -- Prediction intervals -- Tolerance intervals -- Reference intervals -- Hypothesis testing, power, non-centrality -- A bestiary of effect sizes -- Comparing two groups : Continuous outcomes -- Comparing two groups : Binary and count outcomes -- Comparing two groups : Time to event outcomes -- Comparing multiple factors -- Multi-level and hierarchical designs -- Ordinal data -- Dose-response studies.